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LEAD(II) ZIRCONATE
| Flammability | 0 | |
| Toxicity | 2 | |
| Body Contact | 2 | |
| Reactivity | 0 | |
| Chronic | 3 | |
| SCALE: Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Moderate=2 High=3 Extreme=4 | ||
Reagent. Intermediate
PbZrO3
Danger of cumulative effects.
May cause harm to the unborn child.
Possible risk of impaired fertility.
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long- term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment.
Accidental ingestion of the material may be harmful; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 150 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual. Because inorganic zirconium is poorly absorbed from the digestive tract, acute oral toxicity is low. Injection is much more dangerous, causing progressive depression until death.
Although the material is not thought to be an irritant, direct contact with the eye may cause transient discomfort characterized by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn). Slight abrasive damage may also result. The material may produce foreign body irritation in certain individuals.
There is some evidence to suggest that this material can cause inflammation of the skin on contact in some persons. Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. The external application of zirconium can cause nodules in the skinof the armpits.
Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material, during the course of normalhandling, may be harmful. The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of dusts, or fume, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress. Zirconium workers exposed to fume for 1-5 years showed no abnormalities due to zirconium. Animal studies also reveal a low order of hazard from inhaled zirconium.
Repeated or long-term occupational exposure is likely to produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems. Ample evidence exists that developmental disorders are directlycaused by human exposure to the material. Ample evidence from experiments exists that there is a suspicionthis material directly reduces fertility. Zirconium can accumulate in the spleen. Oral administration has not beenshown to cause any ill effects. Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung shadows show on X-ray. Lead can cross the placenta, and cause miscarriage, stillbirths and birth defects. Exposure before birth can cause mental retardation, behavioral disorders and infant death. Lead can also cause reduced sex drive, impotence, sterility and damage the sperm of males, increasing the potential for birth defects. Periods in women can also be affected.
